MANGROVE

Mangroves refer to plants that live in the marshy area at the mouth of the river, between collisions freshwater and seawater. Mangrove trees of various species which include Avicennia(Fires), Rhizophora (mangrove), Sonneratia  (Perepat)  and Bruguiera (Brush / Tumu). Mangroves usually have a hairy fruit and the leaves are hairy happy. Hairs on the leaves store water by trapping a layer of air and thus reduce water loss through evaporation.

In Malaysia, normally protected mangroves and mangrove forests save gazetted managed by the Forest Department. Currently Malaysia practices a system of clear felling of rotation in the next 20 to 30 years.

The mangrove tree is one of the fast growing species and used in forestation of mangroves for coastal protection (the other is Sonneratia and Rhizophora). It is rarely used as coal and is typically used for fish or rubber.

Mangrove forests are also a source of mangrove wood resistant timber for construction in the area and the water muddy. Mangrove wood land can soak in the water without complicated and long-lasting treatment.

Mangroves important way as a juvenile shelter. If the mangrove forests in certain places extinct or contaminated, the entire fish populations and the fishing industry in the area would be affected because there is no place of refuge for young fish and grow. 

Mangroves also act as buffer erosion by waves. This is because the roots of the rugged help strengthen and bind the soil from erosion waves, even expanding its land area as leaves and debris trapped in the fibrous roots and settle up. 

ECOLOGICAL VALUE 

Mangrove forests important for protection:

·   It protects the shore of physical force as the wave’s edge beach and strong coastal winds.

·   Mangroves stabilize the beach and act as a natural buffer against hurricanes.

·   Mangroves serve as shelters several species of flora and fauna unique customization remembrance. Many species of marine shrimp and fish to feed spawn and grow up here.

·   Mangroves and mudflats associated with it is an important site for birds, resident and migratory foraging and nesting.

·    Mangrove forests can mitigate the effects of the tsunami along the coast of northern Kedah, Perlis and Perak.

MANGROVE FOREST

Mangroves cannot tolerate high levels of interference and is sensitive to:

·      Land conversion

·      Deforestation

·      Reclamation

·      Contamination.

Many mangroves are cut down to make way for the following activities:

·      Aquaculture

·      Cage culture

·      Aquaculture ponds and salt water fish

·      Industrial zone near port

·      Construction of the base area fishermen

·      Port and warehouse site containers

·      Municipal and coastal fishing village

·      Liquid waste of merchant vessels and fishing boats

MANGROVE USES

• Many species of fish, shrimp and crabs are commercially live in mangrove areas and their surroundings. Profit from fishing activities in mangrove areas to reach the millions of dollars per year.

•  Local residents and other areas also use mangroves as a source of timber.

• Residents in coastal areas of mangrove wood to build houses and boats (as beams, beams, launchers and columns)

• Mangrove wood is also used for making fish traps

• Charcoal and firewood other than a source of fuel

• Handicraft and household goods (the equipment and furniture).

• Tannins derived from mangrove bark is used to dye nets, sailcloth and plastic adhesive.

• Many parts of the mangrove plants are edible and of course feed the locals medications (eg, leaves, buds, fruits and seed)

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